,iwad;gpd; xspkakhf cyhte;j mikjpg;Gwh Mf];l; khjk; 26k; ehs; 1910k; Mz;by; my;Ngdpahtpd; ];fhg;N[ efhpy; epf;Nfhyh-jpuhdh vd;w fl;blj; ty;Ydhpd; Kd;whtJ Foe;ijahfg; gpwe;jhh;. Mf;d]; nfhd;rfh ngh[hf;]pA vd;gJ jhd; md;idapd; ,aw;ngah;. ,NaR rigapduhy; nrt;tNd elj;jg;gl;l J}a ,NaRtpd; jpU ,Ujag; gq;Ff; Nfhtpypy; mtuJ Md;kPfk; tsh;e;Njhq;fpaJ. Ie;jiu tajpy; GJed;ik Kyk; ,iw ,NaRit jd; cs;sj;jpy; ngw;wth;> 1916k; Mz;by; J}a Mtpapy; jpUepiyg;gLj;jg; gl;lhh;

  jdJ 18k; tajpy; 1928k; Mz;L nrg;lk;gh; khjk; mah;yhe;J ehl;bd; lg;spd; efhpy; cs;s nyhNul;Nlh fd;dpah; rigapy; Jwtpahfj; jd;idNa ,izj;Jf; nfhz;lhh;. brk;gh; 1k; Njjp> 1928 Mz;L ,e;jpa jpUehl;bw;F gazpj;jth; [dthp 6k; Njjp 1929 Mz;L  nfhy;fj;jh te;jile;jhh.; mq;Fs;s nrapd;l; Nkhp]; gs;spapy; Gtpapay; Mrphpauhfg;  gzpapy;  Nrh;e;jhh;. 
  Nk 24Mk; Njjp 1931 Mk; Mz;by; 16k; E}w;whz;bd; ];ngapd; ehl;L Gdpij mtpyh njurhspd; Qhgfkhf njurh vd;W jdJ ngaiu khw;wpf; nfhz;L Jwtw tho;f;ifapd; Kjy; thh;j;ij vLj;Jf; nfhz;lhh;. Nk 14k; Njjp 1937Mk; Mz;L jdJ Jwtw tho;tpd; ,Wjp thh;j;ijg;ghl;il vLj;Jf;nfhz;lhh;. 1931k; Mz;L Kjy; mNj gs;spapd; Mrphpiaahfg; gzpahw;wpath; 1944k; Mz;L mjd; jiyikahrphpauhf nghWg;Ngw;whh;.

  nrg;lk;gh;  khjk; 10e; Njjp> 1946k; Mz;by;> nfhy;fj;jhtpypUe;J lhh;[{ypq;Ff;F uapypy; gazpj;jnghOJ>"" th kfNs> vd; xspahf ,U ""vd;W ,iwtd; mtNuhL Ngrpdhh;. Mapuf;fzf;fhf Viofs; rhf;filapYk;>tPjpfspYk; ,we;J kbe;J nfhz;bUf;fpd;wdh;. .ehd;F Rth;fs; kj;jpapy; eP KLq;fpf;fplf;fpd;whNa? Viofspd; fz;zPiuj; Jilf;f rhf;filapYk;> Fg;igj;njhl;bfspYk; tPrp vwpag;gl;Ls;s Foe;ijfisAk;> tNahjpfh;fisAk; fhg;ghw;W. jd;de;jdpahf vd;dhy; nra;a KbahJ. cdJ cjtp vdf;Fj; Njit vd;W ,iwtd; mtNuhL Ngrpdhh;. 

  jdJ vz;zj;ijj; jd; Md;kFUthd ,NaR rigiar; rhh;e;j mUl;je;ij thd; vf;rk; vd;gthplk; njhptpj;jhh;. mth; cjtpAld; gy Nrhjidf;Fg; gpd; Mf];l; 17k; Njjp 1948k; Mz;by; ePy tz;zg; gl;ilfs; nfhz;l nts;isr; Nriy cLj;jp nyhNul;Nlh klj;ij tpl;L ntspNawpdhh;. mg;NghJ mtUf;F taJ 39.  Kd;W khj fhyk; ghl;dhtpy; kUj;Jtg; gapw;rpg; ngw;W nfhy;fj;jh te;jth; jw;fhypfkhf Vikfspd; rpwpa rNfhjhpfspd; ,y;yj;jpy; ,Ue;jhh;. brk;gh; 21k; Njjp 1948Mk; Mz;L tPjpNahuk; nrj;Jkbe;J nfhz;bUe;j Viofis thhpaizj;Jj; J}f;fpg; guhkhpf;Fk;gzpapy; <Lgl;lhh;.

  khh;r; 19k; Njjp 1949Mz;bypUe;J rNfhjhp njNurh md;id njNurhthf khwpdhh;. jpUje;ijapd; mq;fPfhuj;Jld;; mf;Nlhgh; 7k; Njjp 1950 Mz;L kp\dhP]; Mg; Nrhpl;b vd;w Jwtwf; fd;dpah; rig mjpfhug;G+h;tkhf  nfhy;fj;jh kiwkhtl;lj;jpy; njhlq;fg; gl;lJ.

  kuzj;jpd; tpopk;gpd; Xuj;jpw;F te;jth;fSf;F vd;W epUky; `pUja; njhlq;fg;gl;lJ. gpg;uthp 1965 Mz;L bl;lh$h; vd;Dk; ,lj;jpy; jhpR epykhf ,Ue;j 34 Vf;fh; epyj;ij md;iwa Nkw;F tq;f Kjy;th; jpU gp rp uhaplk; ngw;whh;. ,g;NghJ fhe;jp[p gpNuk; epth]; vd;W miof;fg; gLfpwJ. gpg;uthp 15Mk; Njjp 1953 Mz;by; Foe;ijfSf;fhf rpRgtd; Muk;gpf;fg;gl;lJ. 

 je;ij thd; vf;rk; mbfshhpd; nry;thf;fpy; mtuJ K];ypk; ez;gh; [dg; ,];yhk; vd;gth; fl;bapUe;j tPl;il &gha; 1>20>000 nfhLj;J thq;fpdhh;. Nyhah; rh;f;Fyh; tPjpapy; 54v vd;fpw vz; nfhz;l me;j ,y;yj;jpy; gpg;uthp khjk; 1953 Mz;by; FbNawpdhh;. ,JNt mtuJ rigapd; jha;klkhfTk;> jiyik mYtyfkhfTk; nray;gl;L tUfpwJ. 1959-y; Kjw;fpisahf uhQ;rpapYk; GJby;ypapYk; njhlq;fpdhh;. 

 jdJ gzpiar; nrt;tNd njhlh;e;J elj;j 5 rigfis epWtpdhh;.
1.kp\dhP]; Mg; Nrhpl;b- Jwtwf; fd;dpah; fpis-1950
2.kp\dhP]; Mg; Nrhpl;b- Jwtwr; rNfhjuh; fpis-1963
3.kp\dhP]; Mg; Nrhpl;b- Jwtw nksdf; fd;dpah; fpis-1963
4.kp\dhP]; Mg; Nrhpl;b- Jwtw nksdr; rNfhjuh; fpis-1979
5.kp\dhP]; Mg; Nrhpl;b- Jwtw FUf;fs; rig 1984

 md;id ,we;jrkaj;jpy; mtuJ rigapy; 4000 fd;dpah;fSk;>300 Jwtw rNfhjuh;fSk;> 1>00>000 cld; ciog;ghsUk;> 610 klq;fSk; 123 ehLfspy; gutp ,Ue;jJ.

 ,tuJ gzpf;fhfg; ngw;w tpUJfs; gy.
gj;k= tpUJ>ghg;gpiw 23k;mUsg;gh; mikjp tpUJ>Nehgy; ghpR>ghuj; uj;dh tpUJ
 1983Mk; Mz;L Kjd; Kiwahf md;idf;F neQ;Rtyp Vw;g;gl;lJ.,ijj; njhlh;e;J cly; eyk; Fiw Muk;gpj;jJ.
 nrg;lk;gh; 5k; Njjp 1997 k;Mz;by; ,iwtNdhL ,uz;lwf; fye;J ,iwgjk; Nrh;e;jhh;.
nrg;lk;gh; 13k; Njjp 1997 k;Mz;by; tuyhW fhzhj khngUk; ,Wjp Ch;tyj;jpy; gy; ehl;L murh;fs;> murpfs;> jiyth;fs;> gpujk ke;jphpfs;> gy;yhapuf;fzf;fhd kf;fs; fye;J nfhz;ldh;.

 fhe;jp>NeU ,th;fspd; G+jcliyj; jhq;fpa mNj gpuq;fptz;b md;id njurhtpd; Gdpj cliyj; jhq;fp nrd;wJ. ,e;jpa Njrpaf; nfhb mtuJ G+Tly; kPJ Nghh;j;jg;gl;lJ. NjrkhpahijAld; gPuq;fpKoq;f mtuJ Gdpj cly; kp\dhP]; Mg; Nrhpl;bj; jha; klj;jpy; mlf;fk; nra;ag;gl;L mh;g;gzpf;fg;gl;lJ. 

tho;f md;idapd; Gfo; !                                           gutl;Lk; mtuJ Nrit!!